Reducing Demineralization Risk

By Lynn Marsh, RDH, EdD

Dental enamel is the hardest and most highly mineralized substance in the body. The enamel structure is a crystalline latticework composed of myriad minerals, predominantly hydroxyapatite. Demineralization occurs when mineral ions are compromised and removed from dental enamel. The process progresses due to low pH in the saliva and when the oral environment is deprived of minerals in relation to the tooth’s overall mineral content. The hydroxyapatite latticework is subsequently softened by acids that are produced by the cellular action of plaque bacteria in the presence of dietary carbohydrates and sugars.

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